巴西专利BR112012004789B1 apparatus for providing gas bubbles, sprayer for an immersed membrane module and process for gas spr

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专利摘要:
apparatus for providing gas bubbles, sprayer for an immersed membrane module and process for gas spraying a gas sprayer for a filtration membrane system produces an intermittent flow of bubbles, even if provided with a relatively continuous gas flow. the sprayer has a housing for collecting a gas bag and a duct for releasing some of the gas from the bag when the bag reaches a sufficient size. optionally, a cap over an outlet from the duct can break or distribute the released gas. a large sprayer may comprise a plurality of smaller units or areas. the supply of gas to the sprayer may vary in flow rate over longer periods of time, in response to changes in the conditions of the membrane system to change the time between consecutive bursts of bubbles. a gas supply pipe can have two or more exits at different elevations in communication with each of the two or more units or areas. the gas discharge between two or more units or areas can be synchronized. one or more of a set of units or area can receive a gas supplied at a higher flow rate.
公开号:BR112012004789B1
申请号:R112012004789
申请日:2010-07-30
公开日:2020-05-05
发明作者:Behmann Henry；Ronald Cumim Jeffrey；Bayly Reid；Hong Youngseck；Wan Zhaoyang
申请人:Zenon Tech Partnership；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

“APPLIANCE FOR PROVING GAS BUBBLES, SPRAYER FOR AN IMMERSED MEMBRANE MODULE AND PROCESS FOR GAS SPRAYING”
For the United States of America, this order is part of a continuation of U.S. Order 12 / 553,346 filed on September 3, 2009. U.S. Order 12 / 553,346 is hereby incorporated in its entirety by this reference.
FIELD
The present invention relates to a gas spray and gas discharge to inhibit the clogging of a filter membrane.
BACKGROUND
The following background discussion is not an admission that nothing discussed below is citable as prior art or common general knowledge.
PCT International Publication WO / 2000/021890 describes, among other things, an aeration system for a submerged membrane module that has a set of aerators connected to an air cleaner, valves and a controller adapted to alternately provide a higher rate airflow and a lower airflow rate in repeated cycles for individual aerators. In some systems, an air purifier, valves and controller provide simultaneous air flows, but alternate with two or more sets of aerators in such a way that, while the air flow of the total system is constant, allowing the purifier to be operated at at a constant speed, each aerator receives an air flow that varies over time. Transient flow conditions result in water in the tank, which helps prevent dead spaces and cleans or inhibits membrane clogging. WO / 2000/021890 is incorporated herein in its entirety by this reference thereto.
INTRODUCTION
The following discussion is intended to introduce the reader to the more detailed discussion below, and not to limit or define any claim.
The air circulation process described in WO / 2000/021890 has proved to be very effective in reducing the amount of air or other gas, and therefore the energy, needed to operate a filter membrane system. It was noted in WO / 2000/021890 that rapid movements of the valve resulted in very
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2/16 large ones being created for a brief period of time, and that these very large bubbles can be particularly useful in inhibiting membrane clogging. However, it was also noted in WO / 2000/021890 that rapid valve movements caused temporary pressure spikes in the aeration system that needed to be managed. A gas sprayer, alternately called an aerator, will be described below, which produces an intermittent flow of bubbles, even when supplied with a continuous flow of gas. The flow of bubbles can be in the form of short bursts of very large bubbles, but rapid valve movements are not necessary.
The sprayer has a housing to collect a gas bag and a duct to release at least some of the gas from the bag when the bag reaches a sufficient size. Optionally, a cap over an outlet from the conduit can distribute the released gas, and can also divide the gas into bubbles, or smaller bubbles, if the gas was initially released in an almost bulk manner. A large sprayer for use with a commercial membrane module or cassette may comprise a plurality of units or smaller areas. Even if fed with a continuous supply of gas at a constant rate, the sprayer produces an outflow of bubbles that varies in rate over time. Optionally, the outflow is in the form of generally discrete periods of bubble flow, still optionally in the form of short bursts of large bubbles. For example, the duration of a burst of bubbles can be half or less than the time between consecutive burst of bubbles.
The gas supply to the sprayer, even if continuous over a period of time, including several more bursts of bubbles, can vary in flow rate over longer periods of time. A change in the flow rate of the gas supplied does not cause a significant change in the flow rate and duration of burst bursts. However, a change in the flow rate of the gas supplied changes the time between consecutive bursts of bubbles. A gas supply pipe is described herein, having two or more outlets of air supplied to flow to each of two or more aerators. The two or more exits are located at different elevations. Such a supply pipe
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3/16 gas allows for a wider range of gas inlet flow rate while releasing a generally equal or desired desired division of the gas supplied to the multiple sprayers.
A method of operating a sprayer is described here in which the flow rate of gas supplied varies in response to the operating parameters of the system.
An aeration system is described herein in which one or more of a set of aerators receives a gas supplied at a higher flow rate. The one or more aerators that received the highest rate of gas delivered are located close to areas of a membrane system requiring an increased amount of outlet bubble flow.
Another sprayer described herein has distinct areas for releasing bubbles fluidly attached in such a way that the release of air bubbles from the distinct areas is generally synchronized.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Figure 1 shows a partially sectioned side elevation view of a sprayer.
Figure 2 shows a top view of the sprayer in Figure 1.
Figure 3 shows an end view of the spray from Figure 1.
Figure 4 shows a schematic view of the sprayer in Figure 1.
Figure 5 shows a schematic side view of four aerators immersed in a liquid in several stages of an aeration process.
Figures 6 and 7 show a top view and a sectional side view of another sprayer.
Figure 8 shows an alternative air supply distributor.
Figure 9 shows a side view of another sprayer with the side closest to the viewer removed.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Figures 1 to 4 show a sprayer 10 in several views. The sprayer 10 has a housing 12 that defines an inner chamber bounded by an upper surface. The housing 12 shown is elongated, with its length being more than twice its width, and has a section
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4/16 U-shape generally inverted, although other shapes can also be used. The housing 12 shown has a connection 14 at one end. The connection 14 can be fitted or along a port of a gas supply manifold (not shown) to supply gas to the sprayer 10 and to hold one end of the sprayer 10 in a selected position immersed in a liquid. The other end of the sprayer 10 can be held in a selected position immersed in a liquid, by a pin 16 extending from the housing 12.
The connector 14 is connected to one or more distribution tubes 18. The distribution tube or tubes 18 generally extend along the length of the sprayer 10 and have gas outlets 20 along its length. The size of the gas outlets 20 can be made small enough in relation to the gas flow rate, so as to (a) create a pressure drop that encourages a uniform distribution of the gas flow from the gas outlets 20, even if the manifold 18 is not exactly level and (b) it causes a sufficient velocity of gas flow through the gas outlets 20 to inhibit the entry of liquid into the manifold 18. A manifold 18 may be located near the bottom of the sprayer 10, as shown, or at other elevations. For example, distribution tubes 18 can be located along the top of housing 12, with outlets 20 in an area that always contains a gas pocket. In addition, optionally, the different parts of the housing 12 can receive gas from separate gas tubes connected to a gas supply manifold located further away from the housing 12.
The sprayer 10 has a plurality of discharge ducts 22 along its length. The discharge ducts 22 have first exits 24 in communication with an area inside and near the top of the housing 12, and the second exits 26 open to the outside of the housing 12. At least part of the duct 22 extends downward between the first opening 24 and second opening 26. Another part of conduit 22 extends upwards again before reaching the second opening 26. The gas leaving housing 12 through conduit 22 must pass through a low point in conduit 22 between the first opening 24 and the second opening 26, as in the ducts, usually in the form of J or U 22
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5/16 shown. The second opening 26 can have an area of 1 to 10 square centimeters or 3 to 6 square cm. The cross-sectional area of a gas pocket in communication with a conduit 22 is preferably larger than the area of the second opening 26 by a factor of 10 or more, for example, by a factor in the range of 20 to 35.
Adjacent ducts 22 are preferably separated from each other, for example, by dividers 28. Separators 28 prevent a duct 22 from exhausting a gas bag in housing 12, as gas is rarely or never discharged from another one of the conduits 22. With solid dividers 28 extending downwards the smallest expected extent of a gas bag in the housing 12, as shown, the gas bags associated with the conduits 22 are fluidly different separated from each other. The sprayer 10 acts as if it were a distinct number of smaller aerators. Over a period of operation, the time for discharging gas from different conduits 22 into a sprayer 10 may vary or diffuse such that the gas is not discharged from each conduit 22 at the same time. However, the pattern of gas discharge from an individual conduit appears to follow a normal cycle, usually having a short short burst of gas followed by a period when the gas is not discharged, or is discharged in small quantities.
A lid or the dispenser 30 can optionally be provided through the housing 12. The lid 30 receives the gas from one or more gas discharge ducts 22 and the discharges in the form of bubbles from holes 32 in the lid 30. The lid 30 can have a plurality of holes 32 for conduits 22 to disperse the gas flow over a larger area horizontally. The lid 30 can also break a burst of gas which leaves the duct 22 in bubbles or smaller bubbles, if desired. As shown, the lid 30 can have dividers generally aligned with dividers 18 in the housing 12 to maintain a flow of bubbles close to the conduit 22 that released the gas into these bubbles. Optionally, the holes 32 can be distributed along the length of the housing 12 or across the width of the housing 12, or both to spread the bubble flow, as desired for one or more immersed membrane modules intended to be cleaned by bubbles. A module can be located above the sprayer 10 in a tank.
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Optionally, the tube sheet of a module having air passages through the tube sheet between the membranes can function as the cap 30. In addition, optionally, conduit 22 can extend through a tube sheet of a module of the membrane such that the second opening 26 is located above the tube sheet. In this case, a cap 30 or another diffuser can be placed over the second opening and above the tube sheet. These options can be useful for modules with round or square headers having a significant width or diameter such that it is necessary to discharge bubbles between the membranes. However, for modules that allow good bubble penetration into the membrane beam without the need for internal aeration, it is preferable to place the sprayer 10, including any cap 30, under the tube sheet of the module. In the case of a module cassette, sprayer 10 may be located in a module or below a gap between modules. Separating the sprayer 10 from the module also allows the module or sprayer 10 to be removed regardless of cleaning or maintenance, allows a sprayer 10 to be made available for multiple or pre-existing modules, and allows a range of shapes or sizes of sprayer 10 to be available for use under a module.
The cover 30 shown fits over the housing 12, without making a gas-tight seal with the top of the housing 12. However, in the embodiment shown, the housing 12 and the cover 30 covering both have a dome shape in cross section such that a gap between the lid 30 and the housing 12 is located below the top of the housing 12. With this arrangement, the gas does not escape through the gap between the lid 30 and the housing 12, at the gas flow rates tested by the inventors. The volume contained within the cover 30 is preferably small, for example, about 50% or less, or 33% or less, of the volume of an associated air pocket in the housing 12. This tends to maintain the short burst characteristics of the gas coming out of a conduit 22.
The operation of a sprayer 10 immersed in a liquid 34 is illustrated schematically in Figure 5. Parts A, B, C and D of Figure 5 show a sprayer 10 at four different points in a sequence of events that occur in the sprayer 10 as that a gas is fed to it. THE
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7/16 sequence progresses from condition A to B to C to D and then returns to condition A and repeats for as long as a gas supply is supplied to a sprayer 10. In part A of Figure 5, a conduit 22 is flooded with liquid 34, although a gas bag 36 can be attached to housing 12. In part B, gas bag 36 grows in size as distribution pipe gas 18 is collected in housing 12 and displaces liquid 34. The liquid 34 leaves compartment 12 through an opening to the bottom of housing 12 and through conduit 22. In Part C, after expansion the gas pocket 36 extends below the upper limit of a low point in housing 12, a path is created for gas to flow from pocket 36 and through conduit 22, and the gas is discharged out of housing 12, for example, in bubbles 38. In Part D, gas continues to flow through conduit 22, the liquid 34 enters housing 12 again and pocket 36 becomes smaller. Returning to part A, the liquid 34 inside the housing 12 eventually reaches the conduit 22, the conduit 22 floods, and the gas flow through the conduit 22 stops. The process then repeats, producing discrete gas discharge periods, even when the gas is supplied continuously. Gas discharge periods tend to be close to average duration and frequency. However, the precise time, volume and duration of a gas discharge can vary within a range around the average, for example, with waves or other movement of the liquid or gas discharge from other aerators 10.
Figures 1 to 4 are to scale. Sprayer 10 is 85 mm wide, 139 mm high and 770 mm long. These dimensions are given to provide an example of a viable sprayer, but the invention is not limited to these dimensions. Sprayer 10 is designed to replace a siphon tube normally supplied below a cassette of ZeeWeed ™ 500 membrane modules by GE Water and Process Technologies, and to use the same accessories. These modules are intended for immersed, actuated suction operation. The module has many hollow fiber membranes with a total surface area of about 18.58 to 48.77 square meters. The membranes are oriented vertically between a pair of elongated potting heads. The modules are generally rectangular in plan view, having a length of approximately the same as the length of the sprayer 10. The modules are
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8/16 arranged in cassettes in which several modules placed side by side in a frame separated by vertical gaps between adjacent modules. A sprayer 10 is placed about 1 to 10 cm below each second module and oriented in parallel with the module. Holes 32 are positioned to direct the right bubbles in the gaps on both sides of the module. Each sprayer 10 supplies bubbles to both sides of the module above it, and to one side of the adjacent modules on both sides of said module. When fed with air at about 0.11 cubic meters per minute, the sprayer 10 shown releases blasts of bubbles lasting about 1 or 2 seconds every 8 seconds. Increasing or decreasing the gas flow rate to the sprayer 10 has little, if any, effect on the duration of the burst of bubbles, but decreases or increases the time between the bursts. The dimensions, proportions of dimensions, gas flows and processing parameters within a range from plus to minus 50% of the values provided in this document are expected to be suitable for typical commercial immersed suction driven membrane applications, but other dimensions , relative proportions and gas flow rates can also be useful. Other variations are also possible. For example, a square or circular sprayer 10, optionally divided into sections suitable for these shapes, can be used for modules of other shapes. Conduit 22 can be one of a variety of shapes that provide the necessary passage.
Figures 6 and 7 show a section of an alternative sprayer 50 including a separate area of the sprayer 50 between two dividers 28 and parts of two adjacent areas. The sprayer 50 can have, for example, 2 to 10 distinct areas. Optionally, although not shown, the sprayer 50 can be made of a plurality of distinct units, each configured to provide an area generally as shown, but with each unit having a closed end and an open end. In this way, any number of units can be connected together to form a sprayer 50 of any desired length.
The alternative sprayer 50 has a housing 12 with a generally open rectangular bottom cross section. A two-part discharge duct 52 is formed from a nozzle 54 molded at the top of the
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9/16 housing 12 surrounded by bowl 56. Bowl 56 is connected to the top of housing 12 over nozzle 54 by means of mounting flanges 58. Mounting flange 58 also spaces a rim 60 of bowl 56 from the top from the housing 12 to form a first outlet 24. The upper part of the nozzle 54 provides a second outlet 26. After accumulating in the bag and pushing the water in the housing 12 below the bottom of the discharge nozzle 54, the gas exits the housing along a path that flows in a J or U shape from rim 60 of bowl 56, down and around the bottom of cup 54, and then up through nozzle 54. A cap section 66 can be attached to the housing 12 by means of a mounting tongue 62 located to receive a screw 64 also passing through the flange 58 of the bowl 56. The housing 12 is subdivided into separate areas by dividers 28 and the ends of the housing 12 (not shown), and a discharge of two parts of conduit 52 are located in each different areas. A cover section 66 can be located above each area of the housing 12 as shown, or greater coverage can be provided across multiple areas, optionally with internal partitions, as described above. The sprayer 50 is easily cleaned after unscrewing cup 54 and the cap of section 60. A variety of cups 54 can be made available with different shapes or hoops 60 with heights to allow a selection of available volumes of bubble burst gas, rates of gas flow or gust durations.
Figure 8 shows a side view of an inlet gas distribution manifold 40, shown in Figure 7, and also useful in the first sprayer 10 described above. The distribution manifold 40 comprises a horizontal conduit 42 connected to a plurality of discharge pipes 44. The discharge pipes 44 are spaced along the horizontal conduit such that when the gas distribution manifold 40 is installed in a sprayer 50, at least At least one discharge tube 44 will be located in each distinct area of the sprayer 50, as defined by the dividers 28. An equivalent collector structure can also be molded into the housing 12 of a sprayer 10, 50.
Each discharge pipe 44 has a plurality of gas outlets 20 at different elevations to emit gas into the spray areas. Each discharge tube 44 may have an outlet 20 of the same size, and at the same elevation, as
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10/16 as a corresponding outlet 20 on each of the other discharge tubes 44. Each discharge tube 40 shown has an upper outlet 20, a medium outlet 20 and a bottom opening 46, which functions as a lower gas outlet 20. The lower opening 46 also allows water to enter or drain from the discharge pipe 44, depending on the gas inlet flow rate.
In operation, at a first range of inlet gas flow rates, gas will only be emitted to the sprayer 50 through the upper outlets 20 of each discharge pipe 44. The size of the upper outlets 20 is chosen to provide a generally even distribution of gas flow from discharge pipes 44 at inlet gas flow rates within the first range. As the inlet gas flow rate is increased, the water in the discharge pipes 44 will be displaced downwards. And, a second range of inlet gas streams, the outlets of the medium 20 will also emit gas to the sprayer 50. The size of the outlets of the medium 20 is chosen in such a way that the combined areas of the upper outlets and the medium 20 produce generally the same distribution of the gas flow from each discharge pipe 44 with the inlet gas flows within the second strip. If the flow rate of the inlet gas is even higher, the gas can be discharged from the discharge pipes 44 through the bottom openings 46. The bottom openings 46 also allow the collector 40 to drain the water that can enter through outputs 20, for example, while the system is temporarily off for maintenance or inspection. Optionally, the bottom openings 46 can be sized to generally produce the same uniform distribution of gas flow through the discharge pipes 44 when the inlet gas flow rate is within a third range that causes air to escape through of the bottom openings 46. In this way, a range of inlet gas flow rates can be accommodated while continuing to provide generally the same distribution of the gas flow from the discharge pipes 44. In contrast, with the distribution pipe of gas 18 described above, at low inlet gas flow rates the outlets 20 may be too large to provide uniform gas distribution and the high gas flow rate outlets 20 may provide excessive head loss in the supply system gas or foaming in the sprayer 10. In addition
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11/16 addition, although a drain can be provided by adding an open tube at the bottom extending downwardly from the end of the gas distribution tube 18 described above, the drain tube must be very long, if high rates of Inlet gas flow could be applied to the gas distribution pipe 18 since a localized excess of gas from a single drain would be undesirable.
Optionally, the middle outputs 20 can be omitted. In addition, optionally, the upper outlets 20 can be located in the horizontal pipe 42, instead of in the discharge pipes 44. However, locating the upper outlets 20 in the discharge pipes 44 tends to preserve the same more uniform gas distribution. and decreasing the flow of gas from one area of the sprayer 50 to another through the collector as the adjacent areas of the sprayer 50 discharge bubbles at different times. In addition, optionally, the collector 40 can be flooded from time to time to remove the accumulated solids temporarily by closing a gas or ventilation valve inside the collector 40 to the atmosphere, or both. After the collector 40 is flooded, a gas can be supplied at a pressure sufficient to send bubbles out through the lower openings 20 and thus wash the solids out of the collector 40. The collector 40 can be cleaned at regular intervals or when clogging is noted, for example, by an increase in the back pressure in the gas supply system.
The gas supply to the spray nozzle 50, and therefore the time between bursts of bubbles, can be varied in consideration of one or more operating or performance parameters of the membrane system. The parameters considered can be, for example, one or more of resistance, transmembrane pressure, or permeability. The parameter can be observed or calculated periodically, for example, at the beginning or at the end of a permeation step within a filtration cycle having a series of permeation steps separated by back or relative washing steps. The parameter can also be a moving average of multiple measures from a series of cycles or a trend or rate of change of a value. The parameter can be used to determine whether the feed gas flow rate should be maintained, increased or decreased.
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In an example of a process, one or more parameters are sampled periodically and used, optionally after a mathematical combination or conversion, to produce an X value observed in each of a series of polling intervals. In each polling interval, the observed X value is compared with an upper and lower limit value, A and B, which have been predetermined to represent the limits of a desired operation of the membrane system. The limits of values A and B can be adjusted during the design or piloting of the system, or they can be adjusted over time. Adjustment over time may be responsible for variations in membrane conditions, such as a change in pore size, age, or the cumulative amount of water that has been treated by the membranes. Adaptations of the limit values can also be made considering changes in the characteristics of the water to be treated, such as solids concentration or temperature. Alternatively, the observed X value can be adjusted to reflect the conditions that were assumed to define the limit values. For example, when observing the flow through the membrane, it can be adjusted based on the temperature of the water to be filtered before comparing it with a selected limit value assuming a different water temperature.
In the example process, if the observed value X exceeds the upper limit value A at a survey interval, then the inlet gas feed rate and is increased by a pre-selected amount, for example, 5% or 10%. If the X value is observed between the upper and lower limits, or equal to one of them, then the inlet gas feed rate is not changed. If the observed X value is less than the lower limit value B, then the inlet gas flow rate is decreased by a pre-selected amount, for example, 5% or 10%. Alternatively, the extent to which the observed value differs from the closest value to the limit, or an excess of the limit values, can be used to estimate a desired variation in the inlet gas flow rate. Preferably, a minimum inlet gas supply rate is also indicated, for example, as determined by the highest of the lowest inlet gas supply rate which produces a generally equal flow division from the upper outputs 20 of the gas collector 40 and (b) the lowest feed rate
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13/16 inlet gas that will satisfy the requirements of other processes, such as mixing in the membrane vessel.
Increasing or decreasing the flow rate of incoming gas to the sprayer has very little effect on the duration of a bubble shoot, but increases or decreases the time between bursts. The control method described above results in the time between bursts varying over a long period of time, for example, a day or more, although the time between bursts is likely to be constant over shorter periods of time, for example, over an hour of operation. The time between gas blasts, measured from the start of an explosion to the beginning of the next air pulse, can vary, for example, from 2 to 60 seconds or from 4 to 20 seconds. The rate of incoming air flow at all times is close to the minimum required to provide performance above the lower limit value.
Optionally, the same distribution of air between the areas of the sprayer 50 can be intentionally modified. For example, a first and last discharge pipe 44 may have a larger upper outlet 20 or an additional upper outlet 20. For example, in addition two additional discharge pipes 44 may be located in the first and last area part of the sprayer 50. In this way, more gas is supplied to the first and last areas of the sprayer 50 and these areas therefore emit more frequent bursts of bubbles. As an additional option, a parallel array of multiple spaced nozzles 50 can be provided below a cassette of membrane modules with each nozzle 50 connected to a common inlet gas supply pipe. All of the first and last areas of the sprayer 50 may have larger or additional upper outlets 20 (in relation to intermediate sprays 50) or two discharge tubes 44. In this way, the outer sprayer 50 will receive a higher rate of gas flow and discharge of bubbles more often, on average, than the intermediate sprayer 50. These special intentional variations in discharge frequency can be used to better match the output of one or more sprayers 50 for the necessary spraying of different areas of a module or cassette. For example, with a large cassette that is generally rectangular in a flat view, an even distribution of gas bubbles tends to produce a stronger air lift
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14/16 or chimney effect through the center of the cassette. An ideal average time flow rate of bubbles to the center of the cassette may not be sufficient to inhibit membrane clogging near the periphery of the cassette. In this case, providing the most frequent bubble discharges from the first and last sprayer 50, or the first and last area of the sprays 50, or both, provides a longer average bubble flow rate to the peripheral membranes without unnecessarily increasing the flow bubbles in the center of the cassette. More frequent discharge from a conduit line 52 can also be provided by adding an additional gas distribution pipe 18 in communication with conduit line 52. Such an additional gas distribution pipe 18 can be perpendicular to pipes distribution of other gases 18 or collectors 40.
Referring to Figure 9, the bottom edge of the housing 12 can be provided with one or more cuts in optional curves 70 or other holes or indentations on the sides of the housing 12. The curve cut 70 is located below a low water line 72 which represents the lowest expected elevation of the interface between the gas and the water in the sprayer 10. When the gas bag expands to the low water line 72, the conduit 22 opens to release the gas, which prevents a reduction additional gas to the water interface. As a result, the gas bag will not normally extend downward to reach the tops of the cuts in curves 72. However, it is possible that a conduit 20 may become plugged in use, for example, due to an accumulation of hair, garbage or dry solids. If a conduit 20 is plugged, a gas pocket will grow in the plugged area of the sprayer 10 until the gas reaches the curved cuts 70. The curved cuts 70 then provide multiple discharge points forming bubbles so that the plugged section of sprayer 10 will function as a sprayer regularly until the plug is removed. The presence of bubbles from the curved cuts 70 can be visible from the surface to indicate that a conduit 20 has been plugged. The elevation of the low water line 72 is related to the inlet flow rate and, in particular, moves downward when the inlet gas flow rate is increased. Curve cuts 70 can also be used to provide controlled excess gas flow from the sprayer
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15/16 at very high inlet gas flow rates.
Figure 9 also shows optional doors 80 through dividers 28. Doors 80 are located close to, but at least partially above, the low water line 72. Doors 80 provide an air passage between adjacent areas of the sprayer 10 when the gas pocket in at least one of the areas extends downwardly to a port 80. Port 80 allows the gas to travel from an area of the sprayer 10 that is about to release bubbles to an adjacent area. This causes gas pockets in various areas of the sprayer to equal in size before the gas pockets in any individual area reach the low water line. Since all areas connected through ports 80 contain a gas bag that extends to ports 80, gas bags in all areas continue to grow until they reach the low water line 72 and generally release bubbles at the same time. time.
In the absence of ports 80, each area of the sprayer 10 operates essentially independently. Since the areas of the sprayer 10 are generally the same size and generally receive the same inlet air flow, the fill and release cycle time of each area of the sprayer 10 are generally the same. However, small differences in the exact time that the gas is released in one area of the sprayer 10 from another tend to accumulate over the multiple fill and release cycles until the different areas of the sprayer 10 no longer release bubbles, at the same time. With ports 80, although there may still be some variation in the time required for each gas bag to expand from the bottom of ports 80 to the low water line 72, this time variation is small and is not cumulative over filling multiple and releases sprayer cycles 10. A delay time between the release of bubbles from adjacent areas of sprayer 10 is thus reduced. Sufficiently large ports 80 can cause the release of bubbles to be almost synchronized between two or more areas of the sprayer 10. However, the ports 80 should not be made too large since there is a possibility, particularly if the sprayer 10 is not level of one gas flue 20 releasing earlier than the other and pulling enough air through port 80 to prevent gas in the pouch from an adjacent area from reaching the water level
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16/16 low 72. Optionally, doors 80 can be replaced by another passage forming means such as a recess at the bottom edge of a divider 28, or by increasing the bottom edge of divider 28 above the low water line 72. In addition, optionally, the tubes can be used to connect adjacent sprayers 10 to reduce the delay time between sprayers 10.
Despite the above description, it is unclear whether or when the burst of bubble bursts from different areas of a sprayer 10 is desirable. However, the inventors noted that the cleaning effect of large bubbles appears to be greatest when the bubbles are released into standing water. Therefore, it is desirable to avoid creating air-lifting effects in the sprayer 10 or in a module above the sprayer 10. If the discharge of bubble bursts at different times from different areas of a sprayer 10 causes a flow of bubbles from some part of the sprayer 10 most of the time, then the water can develop a persistent upward velocity through a membrane module located on the sprayer 10. In that case, synchronizing the release of bubbles can create a period long enough, bubble-free to allow water to blow between subsequent bursts and improve membrane cleanliness.
Various other devices and processes can also be manufactured or used within the scope of the invention which is defined by the claims that follow. For example, but without limitation, the apparatus members and process steps of the examples described above can be combined together in any permutation or viable combination.

权利要求:
Claims (34)
[1]
1. Apparatus for providing gas bubbles in a liquid (34), CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises,
a) a housing (12) that defines a chamber and having an opening (24, 26) below the chamber allowing communication between the inner side of the chamber, and the outer side of the chamber; and,
b) a conduit (22), the conduit (22) having a first opening (24) inside the chamber, and a second opening (26) in communication with the external side of the chamber, and defining a closed channel having a portion that extends downwards to a low point of the conduit (22) and then upwards, from the low point of the conduit (22) to the second opening (26), in a direction from the first opening (24) to the second opening (26), where,
c) the chamber is adapted to maintain a gas bag (36) above an interface between the gas bag (36) and the liquid (34), the interface having a variable elevation varying from at least a lower limit of the first opening (24) in the conduit (20, 22) to an upper limit of the low point of the conduit (22) and further comprising a lid (30) on the second opening (26), the lid (30) having a row of holes (32) on each side of the cap (30) to disperse bubbles over a horizontal area larger than the area of the second opening (26).
[2]
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the second opening (26) of the conduit (22) is above the low point of the conduit (22).
[3]
3. Apparatus according to claim 2, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the second opening (26) of the conduit (22) is at or above the first opening (24).
Petition 870190119816, of 11/18/2019, p. 23/48
2/8
[4]
Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it further comprises a gas supply pipe having an outlet (20) for discharging gas into the chamber above the first opening (24) of the conduit (22).
[5]
Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it further comprises a gas supply pipe having an outlet (20) for discharging gas into the chamber below the upper limit of the low point of the conduit (22).
[6]
Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it further comprises a lid (30) with a plurality of holes (32) on the second opening (26) of the conduit (22).
[7]
Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the second opening (26) has an area of 1 to 10 square centimeters.
[8]
8. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the cross-sectional area of the second opening (26) of the conduit (22) is smaller than the horizontal cross-sectional area of the chamber by one factor of at least 10.
[9]
Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, CHARACTERIZED in that it further comprises an immersed membrane module, the immersed membrane module having a lower potting head, wherein the apparatus as defined in claim 1 it is located below, or beside the lower potting head.
[10]
10. Apparatus according to claim 9, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the apparatus as defined in claim 1 is located below the lower filling head.
[11]
11. Apparatus, according to claim 10, CHARACTERIZED by
Petition 870190119816, of 11/18/2019, p. 24/48
3/8 the fact that the device has multiple chambers, the set still having a gas supply tube having, or connected to, an outlet (20) for the discharge of gas into each of the chambers.
[12]
12. Sprayer (10, 50) for an immersed membrane module, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises,
A) a cassette having a plurality of parallel elongated membrane modules; and,
B) a sprayer (10, 50) located below one of the membrane modules, the sprayer (10, 50) comprising
a) an elongated housing (12), having walls extending downwardly from an upper part of the housing (12), the housing (12) defining one or more distribution chambers each with an open bottom; and
b) a plurality of conduits (22) generally located within and spaced along the length of the housing (12), each of the conduits (20, 22) having a first opening (24) in communication with the interior of the housing (12) , a second opening (26) through the upper part of the housing (12) and a low point between the first and second openings (24, 26), each duct (22) defining a closed channel that extends downwards to a point down the conduit (22) and then upwards from the low conduit point (22) to the second opening (26) in a direction from the first opening (24) to the second opening (26).
[13]
13. Sprayer (10, 50), according to claim 12, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it also comprises a cover (30) with holes (32) on the second opening (26) of the ducts (22).
[14]
14. Sprayer (10, 50) according to either of claims 12 or 13, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the housing (12) defines a plurality of distribution chambers.
Petition 870190119816, of 11/18/2019, p. 25/48
4/8
[15]
15. Sprayer (10, 50), according to claim 13, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it has dividers (28) inside the cover (30) between the second opening (26).
[16]
16. Sprayer (10, 50), according to claim 14, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it also comprises a gas distribution pipe (18) along the length of the housing (12) for the discharge of gas into each one of the distribution chambers.
[17]
17. Sprayer (10, 50) according to claim 16, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the gas distribution pipe (18) further comprises a plurality of pipes (44) extending downwards in which at least one pipe extending downwards is in communication with each area of the accommodation (12).
[18]
18. Sprayer (10, 50) according to claim 17, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that each of the tubes extending downwards has at least two openings (24, 26) at different elevations.
[19]
19. Sprayer (10, 50), according to claim 16, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the gas distribution pipe (18) is configured to release a greater gas flow into one or more areas of the housing (12 ) in relation to the flow of gas released into another area.
[20]
20. Sprayer (10, 50), according to claim 12, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it has holes (32) or recesses in a lower edge of one of the housing walls (12).
[21]
21. Sprayer (10, 50), according to claim 14, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it has doors (80) through the partitions (18).
[22]
22. Process for spraying gas on a membrane module immersed in a liquid (34), the process CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises the steps of,
Petition 870190119816, of 11/18/2019, p. 26/48
5/8
a) immerse a sprayer (10, 50) as defined in any one of claims 12 to 21 in the liquid (34), and,
b) feeding the gas into the sprayer (10, 50) at a rate sufficient to cause bubbles to emerge from the outlet (20) at least once every 30 seconds.
[23]
23. Process, according to claim 22, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it also comprises a diffusion stage or the distribution of bubbles after they emerge from the outlet.
[24]
24. Process according to either of claims 22 or 23, CHARACTERIZED in that it further comprises a step of locating the sprayer (10, 50) below, beside or in combination with the module.
[25]
25. Process according to any one of claims 22 to 24, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the gas is fed into the sprayer (10, 50) at a rate such that bubbles emerge from the outlet (20) of at least one every 2 to 20 seconds.
[26]
26. Process according to any one of claims 22 to 25, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the gas is fed into the sprayer (10, 50) at a rate determined in consideration of a membrane system operating parameter.
[27]
27. Process according to any one of claims 22 to 26, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that steps a) and b) are repeated with a second sprayer (50), the second sprayer (50) being integral with or separated from the first sprayer (10), and providing a path for the gas fed to the sprayers (10, 50) for the flow between the sprayers (10, 50) such that bubbles emerge from the spray (10, 50) in general at the same time .
[28]
28. Sprayer (10, 50) for an immersed membrane module,
Petition 870190119816, of 11/18/2019, p. 27/48
6/8
CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it understands,
a) an elongated housing (12), having walls extending downwardly from an upper part of the housing (12), the housing (12) defining a partition chamber with an open bottom;
b) a plurality of closed conduits generally located inside and spaced along the length of the housing (12), each of the conduits (22) having a first opening (24) in communication with the interior of the housing (12), a second opening (26) in an upper surface part of the housing (12) and a low point between the first and second openings (24, 26);
c) a plurality of dividers (28) inside the housing (12) between the conduits (20, 22), the dividers (28) form a plurality of chambers within the housing (12);
d) a gas distribution tube (18) that extends along the length of the housing (12) having at least one outlet (20) for discharging gas into each of the chambers; and,
e) a lid (30) with holes (32) on the housing (12) and above the second opening (26) of one of the conduits (22), the lid (30) containing a volume that is 50% or less than the volume contained in a chamber above the lower point of one of the conduits (20, 22).
[29]
29. Process for spraying gas on a membrane module immersed in a liquid (34) in a membrane system, the process CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises the steps of,
a) immerse a sprayer (10, 50) in the liquid (34), the sprayer (10, 50) having a duct (20, 22) with an outlet (20) in communication with the liquid (34) on the outside of the sprayer (10, 50) and an inlet (40), the inlet (40) in communication with the chamber defined by the sprayer (10, 50), the sprayer (10, 50) adapted to maintain a gas pocket (36) in the liquid (34), the conduit (20, 22)
Petition 870190119816, of 11/18/2019, p. 28/48
7/8 having a low point between the input (40) and the output (20), and,
b) feeding the gas into the sprayer (10, 50) at a specified minimum sufficient rate to cause bubbles to emerge from the outlet (20) at least once every 30 seconds.
c) observe or calculate an operational parameter of the membrane system while operating the membrane system to remove the permeate during a series of probing intervals;
d) feeding gas into the sprayer (10, 50) at an increased rate preselected in a subsequent polling interval if the membrane system operating parameter crosses a first specified threshold value while feeding gas into the sprayer (10 , 50) at the minimum rate specified in a poll interval; and,
e) feed gas at the minimum rate specified in another subsequent polling interval if the membrane system operating parameter crosses a second specified threshold value while feeding gas into the sprayer (10, 50) at the increased rate pre-selected in another interval polling.
[30]
30. Process, according to claim 29, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it further comprises a stage of diffusion or distribution of bubbles after they emerge from the outlet (20).
[31]
31. Process according to either of claims 29 or 30, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it further comprises a step of locating the sprayer (10, 50) below, beside or in combination with the membrane module.
[32]
32. Process according to any one of claims 29 to 31, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the gas is fed into the sprayer (10, 50) at the specified minimum rate and at the preselected increased rate such that the
Petition 870190119816, of 11/18/2019, p. 29/48
8/8 bubbles emerge from the outlet (20) in a burst once every 2 to 20 seconds.
[33]
33. Process according to any one of claims 29 to 32, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the operating parameter of the membrane system is selected from the group consisting of resistance, transmembrane pressure, permeability, flow, solids concentration, temperature and mathematical combinations or their conversions.
[34]
34. Process for spraying gas on membrane modules immersed in a liquid (34), the process CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises the steps of,
a) immerse a first and a second spray (10, 50) in the liquid (34) below the membrane modules, each of the first and second spray (10, 50) having a duct (20, 22) with an outlet (20 ) in communication with the liquid (34) outside the sprayer (10, 50) and an inlet (40), the inlet (40) in communication with a chamber defined by the sprayer (10, 50), the sprayer (10, 50) adapted to maintain a gas pocket (36) in the liquid (34), the duct (20, 22) having a low point between the inlet (40) and the outlet (20),
b) feed gas into the first and second sprayers (10, 50) at a rate sufficient to cause bubbles to emerge from the outlet (20) at least once every 30 seconds.
c) wherein the second sprayer (50) is optionally integrated with or separated from the first sprayer (10); and
d) the gas flows from the gas bag (36) in the first nozzle (10) to the second nozzle chamber (50), thereby reducing a time delay between the release of bubbles from the first and second sprayer (10, 50).

类似技术:

公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题

BR112012004789B1|2020-05-05|apparatus for providing gas bubbles, sprayer for an immersed membrane module and process for gas spraying

US10173175B2|2019-01-08|Integrated gas sparger for an immersed membrane

同族专利:

公开号 | 公开日

CN102711963B|2015-02-25|

ES2686496T3|2018-10-18|

HUE041541T2|2019-05-28|

EP2473258A1|2012-07-11|

KR101732752B1|2017-05-04|

JP2013503738A|2013-02-04|

JP2016047532A|2016-04-07|

KR20170048612A|2017-05-08|

CA2773180A1|2011-03-10|

IN2012DN02651A|2015-09-11|

US20160310905A1|2016-10-27|

EP3388138A1|2018-10-17|

AU2010290022A1|2012-03-29|

CN102711963A|2012-10-03|

US11219866B2|2022-01-11|

WO2011028341A1|2011-03-10|

US10471393B2|2019-11-12|

KR20180090383A|2018-08-10|

KR20120083374A|2012-07-25|

US20110049047A1|2011-03-03|

KR102078493B1|2020-02-17|

KR102038208B1|2019-10-29|

EP2473258B1|2018-07-04|

CA2773180C|2020-05-26|

US20120325742A1|2012-12-27|

TW201127479A|2011-08-16|

BR112012004789A2|2018-03-13|

JP6200931B2|2017-09-20|

EA201290085A1|2012-09-28|

US20200009508A1|2020-01-09|

US9433903B2|2016-09-06|

EA027696B1|2017-08-31|

TWI533923B|2016-05-21|

AU2010290022B2|2016-06-23|

US9358505B2|2016-06-07|

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KR102336751B1|2018-03-27|2021-12-07|미쯔비시 케미컬 아쿠아·솔루션즈 가부시키가이샤|Aeration device with header and membrane separation activated sludge device|

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KR101958154B1|2018-12-07|2019-03-13|주식회사 서진에너지|Integral type immersed hollow fiber membrane module equipment for air scouring|

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法律状态:
2018-04-10| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

2018-11-27| B06T| Formal requirements before examination [chapter 6.20 patent gazette]|Free format text: O DEPOSITANTE DEVE RESPONDER A EXIGENCIA FORMULADA NESTE PARECER POR MEIO DO SERVICO DE CODIGO 206 EM ATE 60 (SESSENTA) DIAS, A PARTIR DA DATA DE PUBLICACAO NA RPI, SOB PENA DO ARQUIVAMENTO DO PEDIDO, DE ACORDO COM O ART. 34 DA LPI.PUBLIQUE-SE A EXIGENCIA (6.20). |

2019-02-12| B06G| Technical and formal requirements: other requirements [chapter 6.7 patent gazette]|Free format text: CONFORME A IN INPI/DIRPA NO 03 DE 30/09/2016, O DEPOSITANTE DEVERA COMPLEMENTAR A RETRIBUICAO RELATIVA AO PEDIDO DE EXAME DO PRESENTE PEDIDO, DE ACORDO COM TABELA VIGENTE, REFERENTE A(S) GUIA(S) DE RECOLHIMENTO 0000921305466429 (PETICAO 800130152466, DE 30/07/2013).PUBLIQUE-SE A EXIGENCIA (6.7). |

2019-08-20| B07A| Application suspended after technical examination (opinion) [chapter 7.1 patent gazette]|

2020-02-27| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

2020-05-05| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 30/07/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

US12/553,346|2009-09-03|

US12/553,346|US9358505B2|2009-09-03|2009-09-03|Gas sparger for an immersed membrane|

PCT/US2010/043926|WO2011028341A1|2009-09-03|2010-07-30|Gas sparger for a filtering membrane|

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